|
Demographic characteristics of the participants in the two groups and the type of breast variation |
||||
| Variables |
Groups |
|||
|
|
||||
| Group A With specified variations (n = 50) |
Group B Normal breast (n = 50) |
|||
| n |
% |
n |
% |
|
|
|
||||
| Maternal age (years)** |
||||
| <20 |
7 |
14 |
7 |
14 |
| 20-29 |
31 |
62 |
30 |
60 |
| 30+ |
12 |
24 |
13 |
26 |
|
|
||||
| Maternal education* |
||||
| did not complete high school |
18 |
36 |
19 |
38 |
| completed high school |
25 |
50 |
23 |
46 |
| Higher |
7 |
14 |
8 |
16 |
|
|
||||
| Annual family income** |
||||
| Low |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
| Moderate |
39 |
78 |
41 |
82 |
| High |
11 |
22 |
8 |
16 |
|
|
||||
| Breast variation*** |
||||
| flat nipple |
27 |
54 |
0 |
0 |
| large nipple |
17 |
34 |
0 |
0 |
| large breast |
12 |
24 |
0 |
0 |
| inverted nipple |
7 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
||||
| Infant birth weight (g) |
||||
| < 3000 |
16 |
32 |
14 |
28 |
| 3000-3999 |
32 |
64 |
34 |
68 |
| ≥4000 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
|
|
||||
| Infant gender* |
||||
| Male |
21 |
24 |
20 |
40 |
| Female |
29 |
58 |
30 |
60 |
|
|
||||
| Gestational age (weeks)* |
||||
| 37-38 |
10 |
20 |
9 |
18 |
| 39-40 |
28 |
56 |
29 |
58 |
| 41-42 |
12 |
24 |
12 |
24 |
|
*Chi-Square showed no significant difference between the two groups. **t-test and Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant difference between the two groups. ***About one-quarter of mothers with breast variations (n = 13) had more than one variation. | ||||
Vazirinejad et al. International Breastfeeding Journal 2009 4:13 doi:10.1186/1746-4358-4-13 |
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